Paclitaxel and docetaxel are among the most active drugs against head and neck cancer (10). Paclitaxel was initially isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, although it is now produced synthetically. The taxanes stabilize tubulin polymers and prevent cell division. A cooperative group phase II study of single-agent paclitaxel given at fairly high doses over 24 hours to 30 patients had a response rate of 40% (11), although the drug usually is given every 3 weeks as a 3-hour outpatient infusion or weekly over an hour. The true response rate is likely slightly less than this, because larger studies of paclitaxel with cisplatin have yielded response rates of only 35%. Docetaxel has shown activity approximately equivalent to paclitaxel. These drugs are considered by many to be “first-line†agents for treatment of advanced head and neck cancer.
Technorati Tags: Paclitaxel, Paxus, Doxetaxel, Taxotere
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chemotherapy bailey
Posted in chemotherapy on July 18, 2008 by hennykartika
Principles of Chemotherapy in the Management of Head and Neck Cancer
Bruce E. Brockstein
Everett E. Vokes
(1). Alkylating agents cross-link DNA and interfere with DNA replication. Among these are nitrogen mustard, cyclophosphamide, and chlorambucil. Cisplatin and several other drugs
the antitumor antibiotics doxorubicin, bleomycin, and mitomycin C, also act by binding to DNA.
Antimetabolites actively interfere with cellular metabolism, frequently by means of inhibiting one or more target enzymes. Many agents with activity in head and neck cancer fall into this group, including methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), hydroxyurea, and gemcitabine.
naturally occurring vinca alkaloids, including
vincristine, vinblastine, and vinorelbine, interfere with mitotic spindle formation
The taxanes include paclitaxel and docetaxol. They are plant derivatives that stabilize microtubules and render them incapable of mitosis.
he first of these were hormonal therapies (e.g., tamoxifen and other drugs) that target the estrogen receptor. Hormonal therapies have had little use in head and neck cancer.
The ideal drugs have spectra of toxicity that do not overlap. The scheduling of drug administration takes into account possible pharmacologic interactions.
Roles of Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer
Approximately one third of patients in the metastatic setting have tumor shrinkage (a partial or complete response), which lasts an average of 3 to 6 months. For patients with locoregionally advanced stage III and IV cancer, chemotherapy has two main roles: improving survival and organ preservation. Patients with nonresectable head and neck cancer who receive concurrent chemotherapy and RT rather than RT alone have had improved survival rates. For patients with resectable advanced tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx, chemotherapy followed by RT has been associated with laryngeal preservation among two thirds of patients without decreasing survival rate. Concurrent chemoradiation therapy also may allow organ preservation as well or better than induction chemotherapy with a survival rate equivalent to that of surgery.
Technorati Tags: chemotherapy, head and neck, oncology
Technorati Tags: Paclitaxel, Paxus, Doxetaxel, Taxotere
Edit | Leave A Comment »
chemotherapy bailey
Posted in chemotherapy on July 18, 2008 by hennykartika
Principles of Chemotherapy in the Management of Head and Neck Cancer
Bruce E. Brockstein
Everett E. Vokes
(1). Alkylating agents cross-link DNA and interfere with DNA replication. Among these are nitrogen mustard, cyclophosphamide, and chlorambucil. Cisplatin and several other drugs
the antitumor antibiotics doxorubicin, bleomycin, and mitomycin C, also act by binding to DNA.
Antimetabolites actively interfere with cellular metabolism, frequently by means of inhibiting one or more target enzymes. Many agents with activity in head and neck cancer fall into this group, including methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), hydroxyurea, and gemcitabine.
naturally occurring vinca alkaloids, including
vincristine, vinblastine, and vinorelbine, interfere with mitotic spindle formation
The taxanes include paclitaxel and docetaxol. They are plant derivatives that stabilize microtubules and render them incapable of mitosis.
he first of these were hormonal therapies (e.g., tamoxifen and other drugs) that target the estrogen receptor. Hormonal therapies have had little use in head and neck cancer.
The ideal drugs have spectra of toxicity that do not overlap. The scheduling of drug administration takes into account possible pharmacologic interactions.
Roles of Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer
Approximately one third of patients in the metastatic setting have tumor shrinkage (a partial or complete response), which lasts an average of 3 to 6 months. For patients with locoregionally advanced stage III and IV cancer, chemotherapy has two main roles: improving survival and organ preservation. Patients with nonresectable head and neck cancer who receive concurrent chemotherapy and RT rather than RT alone have had improved survival rates. For patients with resectable advanced tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx, chemotherapy followed by RT has been associated with laryngeal preservation among two thirds of patients without decreasing survival rate. Concurrent chemoradiation therapy also may allow organ preservation as well or better than induction chemotherapy with a survival rate equivalent to that of surgery.
Technorati Tags: chemotherapy, head and neck, oncology
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